Bulletin of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Pedagogy. Psychology. Sociology series.

Modernization of education for the development of the potential of the child's personality and education in the conditions of New Kazakhstan

B.A. Matayev — 2024-09-26

This article examines the features of the modernization of preschool education, aimed at developing the potential of the child’s personality and education in the conditions of New Kazakhstan. In the course of theoretical research, legal and methodological standards were established for the ongoing modernization of preschool education and training. The features of the Model of modernization of preschool education and training in the Republic of Kazakhstan are revealed, its goal: development through the transformation of the education and training system for the formation and socialization of preschool children. The main components of the personality development of a preschool child are: intellectual potential, which shows the volume and quality of information that the child has; communication potential, which includes successful communication with other people; creative potential, characterized by skills and abilities for productive creative action; emotional-volitional potential lies in the system of feelings and volitional qualities; motivational and value potential, reflecting the target and value system of the individual. The study highlights that involving parents in active activities significantly enhances children’s development across all these areas. These findings support the integration of modern educational technologies in preschools to further nurture children’s potential.

Priorities of professional development preparation of future social educators

A. Orynbekova — 2024-09-26

In modern conditions, when highly qualified specialists are required to solve social and economic problems, the problem of training personnel for the social and economic sphere is of particular importance. The fact that society not only understands the problems that need to be solved, but also needs professional qualified specialists who are able to put into practice non-standard ways of solving it, is currently in special demand, social educators occupy a special place among them. At the same time, the professionalism of a social pedagogue is important. Socio-pedagogical professionalism participates in the system of global movements aimed at improving the well-being of people and the formation of their new quality.

The purpose of the article is to determine the priorities of future social teachers for professional development.

The article was carried out within the framework of the grant project "Zhas Galym" AP14971204 "Scientific and methodological foundations of training future social educators for professional activity" of the Committee of Science of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2022-2024.

Theoretical and comparative methodological analysis of philosophical, psychological, pedagogical scientific literature on the research problem.

Integrated language and media literacy education to enhance Kazakh students’ 4Cs skills

P.K. Yelubayeva — 2024-09-26

The sustained technological development has urged fostering social skills such as critical thinking, creativity, communication, and collaboration for a person's success in a media-driven environment. The proliferation of those skills has been the aim of education contexts worldwide, particularly in Kazakhstan. Our research aims to study didactic scenarios for mastering 4Cs (communication, collaboration, critical thinking, and creativity) skills in classrooms by acquiring integrated language and media literacy. It attempts to understand how best to integrate these notions into the daily classroom so that Kazakh students can confidently communicate their ideas and adequately interact with their external stakeholders. Results showed that suggested didactic strategies can support the development of language learners' abilities to think critically, communicate creatively and collaborate adequately in global information space. The results of the study suggest that global mediatisation of society gives input in the positive dynamics of socialisation of youth in a media-saturated environment when the 4C skills are mastered through language and media-integrated literacy, where media materials are used as a modern authentic, informative source of immersion in the language environment. The study found that students have significantly improved their ability to read and interpret specific texts, view media critically, examine sources of information, and communicate their opinions and ideas using various multimedia tools. The study also provides practical recommendations for educators who want to enhance students' critical communication skills by implementing media literacy instruction.

Ecologization of the educational process at different stages of youth education: value-motivational foundations

G.K. Dlimbetova — 2024-09-26

The main direction of environmental policy is the formation of a system of continuous environmental education, covering all structures of society. At the same time, the results of the students of the previous stage of training are taken into account. Therefore, for the formation of a new eco-generation, it is important to develop eco-oriented activities of students. Students' knowledge should be supported by practice-oriented environmental competence. The authors reveal the continuity of the content of ecologization at the stages of school, technical and vocational and higher education, as well as at the stages of master's and doctoral studies. The didactic principle of continuity of learning also implies a relationship with other principles: taking into account the age characteristics of students, taking into account the psychological aspect of personality development, etc. The proposed material of the article will allow in the future to develop the ideas of continuity of the greening of education through the content, the learning process and the process of tracking learning outcomes. The practical significance of the study lies in the proposed model of the typical content of the ecologization of the educational process at different stages of learning.

Formation of aesthetic culture of future social educators by means of fine art

Y.A. Imanbakiyev — 2024-09-26

The article examines the possibilities and importance of forming the aesthetic culture of future social educators through fine art. Aesthetic culture as part of the cultural competence of a social pedagogue contributes to the rehabilitation of students who find themselves in various life situations, helping them make effective decisions, social pedagogical support for parents of students, maintaining a comfortable environment in the teaching staff. Although the history of research in the field of formation of aesthetic culture of students is deep, future social educators should effectively use it in their activities, form aesthetic culture through fine art, as a subject of new research, requires research and experience. The analysis of the concept of aesthetic culture is carried out, the structure of aesthetic culture in scientific works is considered. The works of domestic and foreign scientists were analyzed on the problem of the study. During the experiment, the level of aesthetic culture of future social educators was determined using a questionnaire. The students of the experimental group were given a short course compiled by the authors and a workshop from fine art specialists. The course topics cover the basic concepts of aesthetic culture and the possibilities of fine art in the activities of a social pedagogue, and the specifics of its application. At the workshop, students get acquainted with the works of art, supplemented their knowledge related to the transmission of their thoughts and moods through the techniques of fine art. The results of the research practice are analyzed, the effectiveness of the course and the workshop in the formation of the aesthetic culture of future social educators through fine art is determined, conclusions are drawn.

Application of the Transdisciplinary Task Model in Teaching Fundamental and Specialized Disciplines in Technical Specialties

A.B. Iskakova — 2024-09-26

The changes taking place in the education system give a new impetus to the use of a transdisciplinary approach, which allows us to look at mathematics and physics from a different angle. This trend is the only factor influencing the emergence and improvement of a universal methodology that allows solving complex interdisciplinary tasks in the professional sphere and society. This will require new methods and approaches to implement the methodology of using innovative teaching technologies. The new methodology based on achievements in mathematics and physics.

In the study, the analysis of the role of mathematical and physical sciences in solving interdisciplinary problems was carried out on the basis of a systematic approach, which is the main direction of the methodology of scientific cognition. This article proposes a methodology for implementing the integration of physics, mathematics and specialized disciplines in technical specialties of higher education institutions, developed on the basis of a transdisciplinary approach.

According to the objectives of the study: 1) defined “T-shaped” skills; 2) developed a didactic complex of the transdisciplinary model; 3) the positive impact of the transdisciplinary model on undergraduate education has been verified.

Theoretical bases of forming tolerance in students as a pedagogical category

R.M. Medetova — 2024-09-26

The contemporary world is full of multifaceted events. This applies to all countries of the world, including the education system. That is why teachers today must form the most important personality qualities in young students that will help them live and work comfortably in modern society. One of these qualities is tolerance. In pedagogical science, this term has been widely studied from the point of view of theory and practice. But despite this, the fundamental changes that are taking place in the system of continuing education are associated with educational paradigms that contribute to the identification of new types of relationships between teachers and students. The theoretical foundations of the formation, development and improvement of tolerance among students are reflected in a number of international and national regulatory documents. The purpose of this article is to theoretically substantiate the problem of tolerance formation among students of general secondary schools. A sociological survey was conducted to study the issues of tolerance among young people. According to the results of the conducted sociological surveys, it follows that the fundamental element for the whole population of Uzbekistan is to realize it as their Motherland; mutual respect of citizens, which determines peace and harmony in the republic. However, with all the prosperity of the situation in the republic, the general positive outline of morality of youth, there is still no reason to believe that tolerance has become an integral part of the character of youth, including students of Uzbekistan. This circumstance is a prerequisite for the leadership of educational institutions of the republic. In this regard, the formation of tolerance in students in the current conditions of education development is an important task of time.

The importance of feedback for the development of computational thinking in robotics educational programs for elementary schools

M.B. Mukhasheva — 2024-09-26

The research is aimed at testing hypotheses about the positive impact of educational robots on the development of educational programs and motivation of students. The main objective of the meta-analysis is to determine the overall impact of educational robotic interventions on the cognitive outcomes of primary school students, comparing them with conditions unrelated to robotics. For this purpose, eight scientific articles published from 2018 to 2022 were selected and included in the analysis. The calculated standardized mean difference (Hedge's g) for each study made it possible to compare the effects of learning using robots and traditional learning. The results of the meta-analysis show that learning using robots has a moderate positive effect (Hedge's g = 0.64, 95% CI [0.44; 0.84]) compared with traditional learning. The analysis of publication bias did not reveal significant deviations, which confirms the reliability of the results. The data obtained can be useful for teachers and administrators, providing strong evidence of the effectiveness of educational methods based on robots and helping to make informed decisions about allocating resources for the development of this field of study. The article examines the importance of feedback in the context of educational programs on robotics for elementary school students in order to develop computational thinking. Feedback is a key element of the learning process, which stimulates active interaction of students with the material, provides an opportunity to adapt action strategies in accordance with the tasks set and contributes to improving the effectiveness of learning. As a result, the integration of feedback into educational programs on robotics is an important component for the successful development of computational thinking in elementary school students.

Digital pedagogy as the basis of professional training of generation Z

Т. Khassenkyzy — 2024-09-26

The article considers the issue of using the possibilities of digital pedagogy in the training of future specialists in universities. The use of digital pedagogy in the professional training of students, through digital pedagogy, awakens interest in future professions and allows you to digitalize your professional activities during employment. The history of the development of digital pedagogy is also considered, starting with the fact that it originated on the basis of distance learning, and ending with the possibilities of obtaining knowledge using modern simple gadgets. According to researchers of the theory of generations, digitalization, the desire for innovation, and acting independently are features inherent in representatives of Generation Z. The development of digital abilities in them is the main task of universities today. The article carried out practical work for students studying in the specialty "Pedagogy and psychology". During the experiment, the students were divided into control and experimental groups, in the first group – in the traditional format, in the second group – based on the teaching elements of digital pedagogy. At the end of the experiment, the results were analyzed and the effectiveness of digital pedagogy in the professional training of students was analyzed.

Incorporating Critical Thinking Techniques into Russian Language Lessons

Z.K. Chunkurova — 2024-09-26

This article is devoted to the study of the technology of developing critical thinking in Russian language lessons in elementary grades, considering the features of this technology and the effectiveness of its techniques. The main purpose of our research is to identify the effectiveness of using critical thinking techniques in Russian language lessons in elementary grades as a means of increasing mental abilities and developing the interest of younger students in the subject. In this article, we conducted a pedagogical study, where we studied the process of changing the quality of knowledge and the level of interest of children in Russian lessons when introducing critical thinking development technology into the educational process. In the course of our analysis of literary sources related to the technology of developing critical thinking, we identified and systematized existing knowledge about the technology of developing critical thinking, and also considered methods and techniques of technology for developing critical thinking from the point of view of elementary school, i.e. at the level of younger schoolchildren. The effectiveness of critical thinking methods was assessed through observation of changes in the educational process, namely in indicators of knowledge quality.

Group values in high school students’ communicative competence enhancement

N.K. Magzumova — 2024-09-26

The article helps to articulate the importance of communicative competence and literacy in group values in human development, including high school students. The article consideres the concept of “communicative competence” in modern scientific psychological and pedagogical studies. The analysis to the forms of teamwork and the way school teenagers’ acquire communicative competence characterizes the content of the topic from a practical significance. The dynamics of the high school students’ group values enhancement during the implementation of an effective communication program is considered as a subject of research. The study has been implemented through specific stages: organizational, empirical, mathematical and statistical processing and analysis of research results. Firstly, Snyder’s method of self-control evaluation diagnostics applied to study the students’ behavioral component. Secondly, Michelson's «communicative skills test» (translated by Gilbukh) demonstrated the students’ cognitive adaptation to group values. Lastly, it has been aimed to evaluate general communicative resistance through the method of diagnosing (by Boyko).

The gained results proved that a group work in the process of the high school students’ communicative competence enhancement can help to build communicative skills, develop speech, conduct negotiations with, create cooperation and joint actions, and shape professional competences of individuals.

Psychological features of the coping strategy of women who are victims of domestic violence

G.Sh. Akymbek — 2024-09-26

For an individual, choosing a coping or coping strategy in a problematic situation is a very complex and contradictory process. Coping strategies are implemented according to the logic of the individual, the importance of the clothes and internal psychological reserves. Domestic violence is a factor that weakens the effective behavior model of female victims. One way to prevent domestic violence is to identify coping strategies used by female victims in stressful situations.

In the study, the coping phenomenon and its structure were defined, and foreign studies were analyzed that considered the coping strategies used by women who were victims of domestic violence in difficult stressful situations. In an experimental study, C. Hobfall's "Strategies for Coping with Stressful Situations (SACS)" survey was used to compare the coping strategies frequently used by women who are victims of domestic violence and women from normal families. According to the results of the study, it was found that women who are victims of domestic violence in stressful situations use passive coping strategies, that is, they avoid solving the problem, or they often resort to antisocial strategies and aggressive actions. According to the results obtained from the mathematical analysis, there was no difference between the coping strategies used by women who were victims of domestic violence and women in normal families (t>0.005). The general index of constructive coping strategies of combative behavior of female victims showed a low degree. This means that women-victims often use direct, passive, asocial coping strategies, avoiding their partner, meeting him, and taking precautions. Also, women in normal families have a low degree of general constructiveness. The reason for this is that women in families with normal control have a low behavioral model of social contact within the prosocial strategy for coping with stress and avoid problem solving, do not strive for assertive, reliable actions.

The results obtained from the study are important in the use of social and psychological rehabilitation of women who are victims of domestic violence. Because adapting women victims to use constructive coping strategies is a way to get out of violence.

Socio-psychological peculiarities of the dominant mental state of a person in a situation of uncertainty

S.T. Bapayeva — 2024-09-26

This article presents the results of translation and adaptation of the methodology for diagnosing the dominant mental state of L. V. Kulikov. The questionnaire for the diagnosis of the dominant mental state of L. V. Kulikov is currently one of the popular and widely used methods for assessing the characteristics of the psychological and socio-psychological levels of the dominant mental state.

The main purpose of our work was to expand the toolkit of dominant mental state assessment in the Kazakh language.

Within the framework of method adaptation, the internal consistency of scales and items of Cronbach's alpha method questionnaire was tested on different-aged respondents of the Republic of Kazakhstan. An analysis of the socio-demographic characteristics of the research group was conducted using the Mann-Whitney U test. At the same time, the study reveals the most typical content of personal uncertainty situations in the period of crisis, as well as typical mental states in the situation of uncertainty.

Based on our results, we recommend L. V. Kulikov's method of diagnosing the dominant mental state to be used as a reliable method with a set of statements describing attributes that characterize the state, behavior, and attitude of respondents to various phenomena at the age of 14 to 67 years.

Ethno-cultural symbol “Shanyrak” as a method of art-therapeutic work

A.A. Issakhanova — 2024-09-26

In the period of active development of practical psychology in Kazakhstan and the client-centred approach, we face the challenge of updating psychotherapeutic tools. Art therapy represents one of the most widespread and profound approaches in psychology. It serves as a reference point that helps effective and easy interaction with clients and their problems. In this regard, the newly developed art-therapeutic method “Shanyrak” works effectively, as the results of approbation confirm, and meets the modern challenge.

The use of ethno-social constructs in psychology today is a necessity, which is due to the phenomenon of “ethnic revival” or “ethnic paradox of modernity”, through the use of these constructs the effectiveness of work in the art therapy approach increases, increasing the effectiveness of work, and facilitates the establishment of contact with the “symbolic” unconscious, revealing deeper internal interpretations of the stated problem. This can be assessed in this study by the approbation of the method and its results.

The method was evaluated by a total of 137 participants, aged between 17 and 50 years, as well as 15 practical psychologists working in the approach of art therapy and university professors of the subject "Art Therapy" in Astana. The obtained results and comments make it possible to conclude that the art-therapeutic method “Shanyrak” can be used as an independent method of work, as well as an auxiliary method in working with fear.

Interrelation of cultural intelligence and problem solving method in students of different educational profile

A.P. Lobanov — 2024-09-26

The relevance of the research is determined by the changes in socio-economic development of countries and human life as a result of globalization processes and multipolarity of the world order. Multicultural environment requires multicultural education, which determines the interest in called cultural / cross-cultural intelligence. The purpose of the study aims to investigate the differences between students of different educational profiles in terms of the level of development and structure of cultural intelligence, as well as the relationship between cultural intelligence and approach to problem solving. It was determined that regardless of the profile of study, students have a dominant affective way of problem solving. The behavioral component of cultural intelligence of students of the MBC faculty is positively correlated with the type of "organizer" and affective approach to problem solving, and, as a consequence, is inversely proportional to the intellectual approach. The motivational component of cultural intelligence of UE faculty students is positively correlated with intellectual (and consequently negatively with affective) approach to problem solving, and there is also an inversely proportional relationship between the overall cultural intelligence quotient (CQ) and the indicator of the "organizer" type. Thus, cultural intelligence plays a different role in the professional formation of future specialists depending on their training profile.

A review of psychological research on sibling relationships

K.M. Musa — 2024-09-26

The relationship between siblings is the longest and most important relationship in a person's life. The family unit, which is formed at the time of a child's birth, is a social entity that evolves and changes over time. The child, in conjunction with their parents, goes through a process of development and socialization with their siblings. Its influence on human development and personality formation has been studied by many scientists around the world. The review of research on sibling relationships in psychological science today begins with a comment on the concept of "sibling" and continues with a stop on the concepts of sibling relationships in psychological directions. Then the analysis of research in this direction in foreign, Russian and domestic psychological science was carried out. Sibling relationships may have a different character in different periods of a person's life, and the factors influencing them may also be different. Siblings take a certain position depending on the order of birth in their family. This position influences the development and formation of the sibling's personality and even the achievements he achieves in life. It is also evident that the gender of siblings also plays an important role. The article examines how the relationship between siblings is influenced by the specifics of family education, the child's attachment to the mother and the presence of a mother in siblings’ lives. At the same time, the relationship between siblings was discussed in cases where one of them had a physical or mental illness.

The role of gaming techniques in the formation and development social intelligence of adolescents

K.A. Nurgaliev — 2024-09-26

The article is concerned with an advanced research direction of Kazakhstani scientific community, namely the study of the influence of gaming activities on the social intelligence of a teenagers. Justification for significance of this problem is the purpose of this work. In this regard, an important task is the theoretical analysis of the current state of the problem and identification of the main directions of research devoted to its study. Finding ways to effectively influence the formation and development of a teenager’s social intelligence is the second important task. The article introduces the literature on gaming activities, a significant part of which is being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. The analysis uses an activity approach based on the cultural-historical theory of L. S. Vygotsky. This study considers the views of scientists on role experimentation as a principal activity of adolescence and traditional methods of facilitating creative experimentation with roles. The significance of game-based learning for the advancement of communicative and reflexive skills that promote the socialization of adolescents and increase educational motivation is noted. The importance of such an intellectual role-playing game as Debate is shown, which develops critical thinking skills, teaches how to analyze information, work in a team, improves interpersonal communication skills, encourages active learning, and increases students' confidence and self-esteem. The implementation of the idea of mastering social roles as a result of the educational process is examined using the example of the creation of student Parliaments in schools in Kazakhstan, in which their participants have the opportunity to implement a role test in which civic activity, social competence, and leadership behavior skills are demonstrated. The importance of support from the school in activities for adolescents to master new roles is noted.

The future professions of the Mangystau region in the discourse of public opinion

A.I. Mambetova — 2024-09-26

This paper examines promising professions of the future in the Mangystau region of Kazakhstan through the prism of public opinion. The region has unique economic, social and geographical characteristics, which has a significant impact on the formation of sought-after professions in the coming decades. The analysis includes expert opinions, surveys of the local population and labor market research. The focus is on professions related to sustainable development, innovative technologies, renewable energy sources and digitalization. The focus is on the role of environmentally friendly industries and digital transformation in the region's economy. Special importance is attached to the development of education and healthcare, which ensures the training of qualified personnel for the new economy. The study also examines the social expectations and preferences of the local population in the context of current economic realities and global trends. Based on the collected data, forecasts are made about the demand for various professions, as well as recommendations for educational institutions and local governments. It also emphasizes the need for active interaction between the government, business and the public for a successful transition to new professional standards that will ensure the sustainable and dynamic development of the Mangystau region in the future.

Identity Transformation and Authority Reconstruction: The Social Organization of Dungan Elites in Central Asia after the Colllapse of the USSR

Li Rudong — 2024-09-26

Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the construction of nation-states, the evolution of market economies as well as the religious revival gradually unfolded across Central Asia, profoundly impacting the living conditions, social identities, and authority of individuals and groups. This research draws on the fieldwork conducted among the Dungans in Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan from September 2014 to July 2015 and in late July of 2017, to explore how different types of Dungan elites have navigated identity transformations and constructed authority in response to the “new context” of Central Asia. It is found that the post-Soviet era has led to a reorganization of Dungan elites with merchants and religious figures emerging as the primary group. While intellectuals and public officials still wield social influence, their numbers have relatively declined. Some individuals and groups from lower social strata have successfully transitioned into the elite ranks by leveraging economic, social and cultural resources. Those who occupied higher social levels during the Soviet period have either consolidated their social authority by reorganizing societal resources, or gained prestige through personal conduct, or slipped into lower social tiers amid the reconfiguration of social elites. Therefore, the process of organizing Dungan elite authority is completed through the interplay of cooperation and competition among various groups. This dynamic of cooperation and competition forms the fundamental characteristics of the authority organization process among the Dungan elites, and is closely linked to the intertwined political, economic, religious, social and cultural factors in the post-Soviet “new context” of Central Asia.

Alumni’s Intention-to-Engage Analysis: Quantitative Approach in Kazakhstani University

E.S. Smolyakova — 2024-10-01

This study aims to explore graduates' willingness to participate in and contribute to their alma mater in the Kazakhstani context. Rather than focusing on the activities graduates engage in, such as volunteering and donations, this research seeks to understand graduates' time and desire to participate in various activities, events, and communications. By understanding the average maximum potential of graduates and the categories of activities they are willing to participate in, this research will provide insights for better engaging graduates in the future. The study utilized a quantitative research design, collecting data through a questionnaire adapted from the literature review. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data, revealing average lower levels of intention to engage in alumni activities among graduates. The analysis also explored the interaction between graduation year and work position, suggesting that respondents tend to have higher work positions as time passes since graduation. However, no significant differences regarding interest in alumni activities were found between work positions or years after graduation.

Publication practices of Kazakhstani scientists: Analysis of the impact of predatory journals and public policy

S.S. Kaztayeva — 2024-09-26

The article analyzes the current publishing practices of Kazakhstani scientists in the context of the growing problem of predatory journals. It considers the impact of global trends, such as digitalization and economization of scientific knowledge, on the academic environment of Kazakhstan. The emphasis is on the problem of predatory journals, which, despite the use of modern metrics and open access, often publish low-quality materials. The article analyzes the causes and consequences of the growth of such journals, including the impact of government policy and publication requirements for the protection of scientific degrees. Based on the works of Shen K. and Bjork B.K., and Xia J. It is argued that the potential victims of predatory journals are young, inexperienced scientists, often from developing countries, remote from the production of scientific knowledge. An empirical study conducted among 139 scientists revealed that the main motive for publication is to comply with government requirements. The survey found that most respondents were aware of predatory journals, but some engaged in practices that could indicate potential risks, such as mailing list advertising and intermediary services. The results highlight the need for increased awareness and education on publication practices, as well as the necessity to improve standards for ensuring the quality of scientific publications in Kazakhstan.

Analysis of socio-economic factors of delayed marriage in the context of globalization

М. Maulsharif — 2024-09-26

Delayed entry into first marriage, seen as an element of the second demographic transition, represents one of the markers of global changes in society. However, this element can vary depending on economic opportunities in different countries and the geographical scale at which changes occur. The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of global economic trends on the temporal changes in marriage entry. Systematic analysis and critical interpretation were used to assess the coherence of the argumentation, identify any hidden assumptions, biases and potential problems, and thus gain a deeper understanding and evaluation of the various materials. The selected literature was subjected to analysis using NVivo software. The analysis of studies confirming the link between economic conditions and family decisions indicates that factors influencing marriage postponement include individual educational and economic opportunities, workforce mobility, access to global markets, as well as employment instability and labor market uncertainty. In some parts of the world, worsening youth employment conditions emerge as a barrier to family formation, particularly among men, but women's ability to earn contributes to a steady rise in their social status and decision-making opportunities.

Despite variations in these trends within societies, dependent on socio-economic conditions and cultural norms, the overall picture suggests that people today have more choices than ever before.

Application of the focus group interview method to ensure the participation of citizens in improving the quality of medical care

K.A. Mukhambetova — 2024-09-26

This article presents the results of a project implemented by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan within the framework of the agreement between the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (World Bank).

“The Social Health Insurance” project was aimed to the creating a culture of citizen participation in ensuring improvements made to the health sector, involving patients in reforming the health system, as well as encouraging an active search for a balance between the needs of the population and public health opportunities. The most important aspect of the project was the creation of discussions and debates at the level of individual medical organizations with using sociological research tools, the most important of which were focus groups.

Focus groups represent a flexible method of sociological research that has a long history of application to obtain qualitative data. The article discusses the experience of adapting focus group interviews to ensure the participation of citizens in improving the quality of medical services as part of the pilot implementation of the mechanism of informed public monitoring and feedback.

Focus group discussions organized in 17 medical organizations have become a tool for involving citizens in the processes of reforming the healthcare system, forming a constructive dialogue between patients and medical institutions, and also made it possible to achieve a balance between the needs of the population and the possibilities of public health. As a result of the analysis of 298 focus groups with patients of polyclinics and hospitals, the authors showed the suitability and effectiveness of this method for identifying the needs and preferences of the population attached to medical organizations.

In the course of focus group interviews, both problems at the level of functioning of individual medical organizations (organization of medical appointments, medical tests and instrumental diagnostic procedures; hospitalization procedures; regulation of queues, appointments to individual specialists, etc.) and those requiring solutions at the institutional level (shortage of personnel; qualification and competence of medical personnel; drug provision, especially in rural localities, etc.).

Current trends in masculinity research

E. Nadirova — 2024-09-26

Masculinity as an aspect of social and cultural identity has become a topic of intensive research in various fields of science, such as sociology, psychology, anthropology, and gender studies. In recent decades, the scientific community has paid attention to the diversity forms of masculinity, as well as their impact on the lives of individuals and societies in general.

This article provides an overview of masculinity as a critical socio-cultural concept and phenomenon covering a wide range of social and cultural aspects of the male personality. It studies the history of masculine research from ancient societies to modern trends and shows the importance of the various methods and approaches employed by researchers in the study of the field. The article also discusses the socio-cultural aspects of masculinity, including roles, expectations, stereotypes, and their impact on men and society as a whole.

The authors present an overview of the main questions concerning masculinity and the importance of research in this field for creating a more inclusive and tolerant society in which every man can find his place despite stereotypes and norms about masculinity. Mainly masculine research is a field of research devoted to the study of the personality, roles and characteristics of men and their evolution in history. This sphere originates from ancient societies and develops in order to influence our ideas about the character of men in the modern world.

Tajiks of Turkestan region: ethnic tolerance and intercultural relations

Zh. Nakipbayeva — 2024-09-26

This article presents the results of a field survey conducted in 2023 in the villages of Gulistan, Tugushev, and Orgebas in the Makhtaral district of Turkestan Region and in the city of Turkestan. The purpose of this article is to understand the nature of the relationship of the Tajik ethnic group living in the Turkestan region with other cultures and to interpret the nature of tolerance among the population of this region, including among Tajiks, as well as to identify factors influencing the development of tolerance in the region. The results of the study revealed that among the population that is the object of the study, mutual positive relationships based on tolerance are developing. This is evidenced by their openness, the developing favorable relationships among them, cooperation and intercultural dialogue between them. In addition, it can be concluded that their type of settlement, such as multiethnic or mono-ethnic, does not have a special effect on tolerance and intercultural relations of the population.

Sociology of sports in Kazakhstan: analysis of the state of Health and physical culture of young people

A.B. Nalshybek — 2024-09-26

The scientific article discusses the state of the sociology of sports in Kazakhstan, includingsociological research, the health of young people, and the organization of leisure activities. Health is a resource for the socio-economic development of the individual and society as a whole, an indicator of the status of a developed state. The main problem in maintaining and strengthening the health of young people is the culture of sports and Physical Culture.

The authors considered the data of the World Health Organization and legislative documents in the field of Tourism and sports in the country, the concept of the development of Physical Culture and sports of the Republic of Kazakhstan for the period 2023-2029. In addition, authors analyzed the dynamic indicators of national statistics on youth in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The main focus of the article is to analyze the domestic sociological research on the health of Kazakhstani youth, the organization of their leisure time and the conditions for playing sports. It considers the most significant Kazakhstani sociological studies, including “Youth of Kazakhstan: assessment of values, beliefs, goals”, “Social Principles of NEET youth in Kazakhstan”, and “Fair City: social justice in the cities of Kazakhstan”.

In order to reveal the relevance of the topic of the article, the authors have conducted an analysis of theoretical works in the field of sports and Physical Culture, conducted an expert interview and presented the results of the study to specialists of the Ministry of Tourism and sports of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Kazakh Academy of sports and tourism.

Media consumption as a factor of political activity in post-Soviet countries

K.N. Rodionova — 2024-09-26

This article examines how media shape interest in politics and explores whether the type of media influences interest in political events. The influence of different types of media, including traditional, old and new, as well as digital media, on interest in the political agenda is examined. The article makes reference to the concepts of types of domination as put forth by M. Weber, the public sphere as described by J. Habermas, the notion of "doxic" space as postulated by P. Bourdieu, and the theories of G. Lassauel and P. Lassauer which study the formation and development of mass media. Lassawell and Lazarsfeld's theories examine the blogosphere and new digital media. This study is based on data from the World Values Survey, which examines differences in media consumption practices in countries that were formerly part of the Soviet bloc. The research subjects are respondents from former Soviet Union countries who participated in the WVS survey from 2017 to 2022. The study includes the following countries: Armenia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan, and Ukraine. The research focuses on media consumption practices in these countries. The aim is to study media consumption in post-Soviet countries and determine how media types influence interest in socio-political life. The theoretical part of the article reviews scientific sources on media consumption and political motivation. The practical part analyzes quantitative distributions of media consumption and political interest based on secondary data from the WVS database, presenting quantitative data as distributions and indices. A correlation analysis of factors influencing political interest and various media sources using data from Kazakhstan is also conducted.