Prison systems and HIV: How social work contributes to improving the quality of life of prisoners

Abstract

This article is dedicated to the study of the role of social work within the penitentiary system in the context of supporting HIV-positive inmates. The focus of the research is on social work aimed at improving the quality of life for this vulnerable group. The problem lies in the high prevalence of HIV infection among prisoners and the limited access to medical services in correctional facilities. The study also examines barriers such as stigmatization and discrimination, which exacerbate the situation of HIV-positive inmates by restricting their access to necessary resources. The article employs methods of systematic literature review, including an analysis of international standards and best practices in social work within correctional institutions. The main findings indicate that effective social work programs can significantly reduce stigma, improve adherence to treatment, and facilitate the successful reintegration of inmates after release. The article provides recommendations for the development of comprehensive social work programs in Kazakhstan’s correctional facilities, aimed at improving access to healthcare services, psychosocial support, and preparing HIV-positive inmates for reintegration into society. Special attention is given to the need for increased funding and better training of social workers to effectively address the issue of HIV within the penitentiary system. As shown in the study, the prison environment has a significant impact on the health of inmates, including their ability to recover and reintegrate. The research emphasizes that access to natural light, adequate acoustic conditions, and contact with nature can greatly improve the mental and physical well-being of inmates, which in turn can enhance the effectiveness of social work programs aimed at supporting HIV-positive inmates. These factors must be considered when developing and implementing social work programs in Kazakhstan’s penitentiary system. Furthermore, a multidisciplinary approach that combines perspectives from public health, criminal justice, and social work is necessary for the development and implementation of successful HIV prevention and treatment initiatives in correctional facilities.